Racial Discrimination in America - 1439 Words

Kimberly Stevens LAW 420 Summer B 2010 MTWR 4:10-5:50 Due Date: August 16, 2010 Racial Discrimination in America Abstract The framers that wrote the Declaration of Independence intended for this country to be founded on the rights of Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. To an extent, this has been true, but our country still has a long way to go. Unless American society chooses to change their mindset and their way of thinking, then this country will never advance and there will continue to be racial discrimination in every aspect of our daily lives. The very existence of a race other than white mocked the validity of a government that guaranteed liberty and justice for the nation’s people (Hurmence, 1984). The†¦show more content†¦The state of Arizona is even trying to make it legal to detain any individuals if it is thought that they may be illegally in the U.S. With Arizona’s new law, this would call for police officers to check a person’s immigration status while enforcing other laws and require immigrants to prove that they were authorized to be in the country or risk state charges (Archibold, 2010). The judge that ruled to ban this new law stated: â€Å"There is a substantial likelihood that officers will wrongfully arrest legal resident aliens.† â€Å"By enforcing this statute, Arizona would impose, ‘a distinct, unusual and extraordinary’ burden on legal resident aliens that only the federal government has the authority to impose† (Archibold, 2010, p. A1). This could lead to the harassment of citizens and legal immigrants (Archibold, 2010). This could also show evidence that our country has backslid in an era when it should be moving forward. The September 11, 2001, horrific terrorist’s attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon left every Muslim to blame for these attacks. Even though it was only a few people out of this entire race that contributed to these attacks, all Muslims were held accountable in more ways than one. Since these attacks, they have become the target of numerous racial attacks and forms of racial discrimination. They have become the target of public resentment in America. It has become normal to associate every Muslim person with thoseShow MoreRelatedRace And Health Inequality In America. . Racial Discrimination1580 Words   |  7 PagesRace and Health Inequality in America Racial discrimination by doctors According to Golash-Boza (2016), the systemic racism or the accumulated disadvantages for non-whites are also reflected in in the areas of health and environment. Golash-Boza (2016) argues that racial inequalities diminish not only he opportunities for non-whites but also â€Å"our time on earth†. This can have an effect on the health and life expectancy. It is interesting to look at why blacks have a lower life expectancy thanRead MoreRacial Discrimination in America During the 1920s2416 Words   |  10 Pagesmotto of the United States of America is E Pluribus Unum meaning ‘Out of one, many. It neatly recognises that although America may be a single nation, it is also one originally made up of immigrants who arrived not only from Europe and Asia, but forcibly as slaves from Africa and of Native Americans. Its population is the most racially and culturally diverse in the world and for that reason is often referred to as a Melting Pot. br brDuring the 1920s, racial tensions in American societyRead More Prejudice and Racial Discrimination in America Essay2564 Words   |  11 Pageschallenges combine with disagreements amongst those calling for integration to further stall our ability to achieve racial harmony. Hatred is an ancient evil that may yet be conquered throug h understanding. The place to begin is of course at the beginning, when first the white man came dominate and slander the African man. For our purposes this begins back in the colonial period of America when first the African people were brought across the ocean. Back then it is not unlikely that these peopleRead MoreRacial Discrimination : Racism And Discrimination1244 Words   |  5 PagesRacial discrimination has been an ugly face lingering around for generations. It baffles me how it still exists today. It’s interesting to me because how do you know who to discriminate against. What type of individual will promote such distasteful thoughts? Why is racial discrimination still relevant? I guess the real question will be is how to overcome racial discrimination. The beginning of racial discrimination stems from when the European settlers landed in America and conquered the NativeRead MoreA Raisin In The Sun Is Play Written About A Family In The1592 Words   |  7 Pages and they have to deal with discriminatory housing practices and the threat of racial violence. A Raisin in the Sun is relevant today because a lot of the insights it makes about racism are still debated over today. One of the issues it tackles is racial violence. In the play, the family deals with the threat of racial violence from people who don’t want them to move into their new house. Today, many feel that racial violence is being done by the police. The story also deals with the family’s strugglesRead MoreThe Effects Of Islamophobia On The Past And Present1326 Words   |  6 PagesTwin Towers (Holman Silver, 2011, p. 483). Thus, this is a point of significant because this was the beginning of the major crisis of Islamophobia in America. People of America began to develop detestation for Muslim individuals. The presentation of the 9/11 act even three years later expressed the connotation that there was stress present in America. The sample examination express that American health was impacted. Issues like cardiovascular and endocrine problem increased (Holman Silver, 2011Read MoreEssay On Police Brutality1478 Words   |  6 PagesDie†, speaks about how minority groups are being harassed and treated like hogs due to racial discrimination. In current day America racial discrimination is ongoing, which leads to police brutality. In â€Å"Why Are So Many Black Americans Killed By Police?†, Carl Bialik, reveals racism (consciously or not) leads to police brutality of African Americans. Kia Makarechi in â€Å"What The Data Really Says About Police and Racial Bias†, shows evidence of African Americans receiving more police brutality because ofRead MoreHuman Rights Discrimination927 Words   |  4 PagesHuman rights- discrimination against black people DEFINE: Discrimination is the detrimental treatment of different categories of people, particularly on the grounds of race, age or sex. Discrimination occurs when people see black people as threats, when they don’t have cell phones, don’t have any lunch and the worst one their skin colour. The skin colour of someone changes everyone’s point of view; some people can’t see past the colour of another person’s skin. Discrimination against black peopleRead MoreRacial Discrimination : An American Civil Rights Activist942 Words   |  4 PagesAl Sharpton an American civil rights activist talked about racial discrimination in America today and said â€Å"As I often say, we have come a long way from the days of slavery, but in 2014, discrimination and inequality still saturates our society in modern ways. Though racism may be less blatant now in many cases, its existence is undeniable.† (Al Sharpton. BrainyQuote.com) Racial discrimination is a pessimistic re ality that affects everyone in our society. Racism has destroyed and ended many livesRead MoreRacial Separatism1395 Words   |  6 PagesRacial separatism is the belief, most of the time based on racism, that different races should remain segregated and apart from one another. Racism is the belief that a particular race is superior or inferior to another, that his or she predetermines a persons social and moral traits and born biological characteristics. The introduction of these terms produces racial discrimination within a society. Racial discrimination has been a thorn in the side of yesterdays, todays and future generations

Business Plan For A Business Company - 1630 Words

Introduction Chocoberry is an established company that is involved in creating healthy chocolate candies for the health-conscious consumer in ages 25 - 45 in the United States. A business plan to how Chocoberry would be able to distribute the product to the customers has been drafted along with a variety of alternatives to distributing the product to the customer. Another important factor that has been covered is the delivery processes. It should be noted that chocolate candy is being developed by technical departments. The key players involved in the paramount decisions regarding the direction of Chocoberry are Candy Marshall, VP of Marketing; Terry Hersch, VP of New Product Development; and finally, Bill Ferrel, Director of Distribution. One important factor in regards to Chocoberry is that this company has never offered retail chocolate products to consumers. It has been stated that there are logistical considerations – such as the relationships with retail outlets and the variant expedience of the distribution. As an independent consultant, my objective is to create and evaluate this company’s alternatives, provide a report, and even craft at least three possible distribution options for Chocoberry’s new venture. Business Plan The business plan for Chocoberry has currently been written in order for Chocoberry to successfully pursue the correct demographic who are likely to purchase the product from Chocoberry. Our specific demographic of customers who are those whoShow MoreRelatedBusiness Plan For A Company9569 Words   |  39 PagesUniversity Event Enterprise and Entrepreneurship (6076TEF) Business Plan Ashley McDonald/ 614170 BUSINESS NAME Tea-Off NAMES OF OWNERS/DIRECTORS Ashley McDonald DATE 30/03/15 Business plan contents 1.1 Executive summary 1.2 Mission statement 1.3 Aims and objectives 1.4 SWOT analysis 1.5 Keys to success Company Information 2.1 Company Summary 2.2 Company Ownership 2.3 Company Location and Facilities Market Research 3.1 Market SegmentationRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Company1049 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness plan A composed archive describing the way of the business, the business and advertising system, and the money related foundation, and containing an anticipated benefit and misfortune articulation. A marketable strategy is likewise a guide that gives headings so a business can arrange its future and offers it some assistance with avoiding obstructions. The time you spend making your business arrangement intensive and precise, and staying up with the latest, is a speculation that pays enormousRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Company1493 Words   |  6 PagesAgree/Disagree: The more a company tries to take care of the community and the environment, the better it will perform financially. I agree that a company will perform better financially if they try to take care of the community and the environment because it can promote respect and a good reputation, attract and retain talented employees, and save money by increasing efficiency. Companies are under scrutiny from consumers and from the government and CSR initiatives are expected from companies. InvestingRead MoreNutrition Company Business Plan1184 Words   |  5 PagesNUTRITION COMPANY BUSINESS PLAN Executive summary: Bharat Food Science Nutritionals is a company which is in the market for 30 years and has been providing the highest quality formulations in Nutritional Supplement Industry for both human and animal needs. Main objective is to provide Humans with required nutritional supplements and make them healthier and more productive. It is known that low socio-economics groups just eat enough to survive. Our objective is to include these people to improveRead MoreBusiness Plan For A New Company5096 Words   |  21 PagesIntroduction – Denise’s Scrapping with Style Draft Business Plan This paper will provide a draft business for a new company; Denise’s Scrapping with Style (DSS). First, this paper will revise the company description based on feedback received to date. Next, it will review the industry analysis and trends section base also on pointers received from other professionals. Further, this paper will modify the strategic position and risk assessment section based on valued opinions received thus farRead MoreFlooring Company Business Plan1121 Words   |  5 Pages2.4 Preliminary Operation Plans JD Epoxy has established a website that gives general information about products and services. The website will be developed with more detailed functions so it can offer customer services like consultation, QA, and reservations. Also, JD Epoxy plans to use the website for links to other social media like Facebook, Youtube and Blogger to connect with customers more closely, and there will be video materials introducing the JD Epoxy team that will deliver aRead MoreHonda Company Business Plan1689 Words   |  7 Pages Executive Summary. Sochrio Honda was the founder of the Honda Company. He spent Six years as an apprentice in Tokyo Service Station. In 1931 after opening his own repair shop he received a patent from for metal spokes that replaced wood in wheels. In1937 Honda started a piston ring Company and during 2nd world war because of the bombing in Japan and earthquakes most of his factories and manufacturing units were destroyed. InRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Business Company1514 Words   |  7 Pages Today, customers always demand goods that have lower prices because of the low income and Ajidesigner Company is looking out for middle and high-class customers. Ajidesigner Company chooses the price itself in term of best value rather than the price which would benefit both middle and high-class. Value refers to the benefits customers receive for what they get. Ajidesigner Company offers customers high-value products through our quality and brand. My product price makes consumers feel thatRead MoreCompu ter Company Business Plan2564 Words   |  11 Pagessignificant. Geographic Regions Served XYZ Enterprises started as a worldwide company and plans to continue our expansion. We built our manufacturing facility in Brazil to take advantage of low production costs. We also began operations with a Web sales office in Brazil and have recently opened brick and mortar sales offices in the country s two largest cities Ââ€" Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. We are currently the only company competing in Brazil, and we are positioning ourselves to dominate that marketRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Business Company1636 Words   |  7 Pagesare times when these purchased products are not appropriate for example having offensive graphics on clothing or bad quality of apparel that may already be damaged. Although buying in bulk may be cheaper, it may result costly as well because if the company does receive items as the ones explained above, then they are obligated to discard the products immediately which results in a loss of profit. Flexible Return Policy. A challenge that Ross Stores has is that its return policy can be a bit too flexible

Factors Declining Profit of Coles in Australia-Free-Samples

Question: Analyze the factors responsible for declining profit of Coles in Australia. Answer: Problem Statement The retail industry is Australia is booming and there is intense competition among the companies in the market. Coles is one such supermarket retail company capturing large share in the market. However, in the recent years, the profits of the organization have been declining and have failed to maintain their momentum due to the fierce competition from Woolworths and ALDI (Nakos, 2017). These two companies are the biggest rivals of Coles and have been able to increase their growth and share in the market. This study is focused on identifying the various reasons which are responsible for the decline in organizational growth, sales and market share. The organization has been making efforts to transform the organization in terms of service, quality and value. However, the organization has not been successful in their efforts which are reflected in their organizational growth, sales and other financial data. The rapid expansion policy used by the competitors in the market is something which Coles was unable to counter that reflects on their financial year. The online retail industry is also expected to grow at a rate of 12.4% in the upcoming five years so this is a crucial period for the organization as they can bounce back and regain their competitive advantage in the market (Chung, 2017). Aim and objective The research will aim to identify the different factors responsible for the declining profits of Coles Supermarket. The different factors responsible for organization performance will be identified to provide relevant findings. To identify the different factors responsible for declining profits of the organization named Coles Supermarket To evaluate these factors to identify the root cause of these problems faced by Coles To recommend suitable strategies required to improve the profits, growth and market share of Coles Research questions What are the different factors responsible for declining profits of the organization named Coles Supermarket? What is the root causes for the declining profit of Coles Supermarket in Australia? Methodology This study will use a descriptive research where the study will explore different research literature. The methodology for the study is chosen based on the nature of the study. Research philosophy deals with providing awareness about the different methods in the study. The research philosophy that will be used is interpretivism (Taylor, Bogdan DeVault, 2015). Interpretivism is a philosophy which will explore relevant data to develop relevant theories which may be applicable to the study. Therefore, subjectivism is the basis of the research and is dependent on using secondary data for research. Therefore, the study will use inductive approach where the study will aim to develop new theories and generalizations based on the acquired data. The study will use non-probabilistic sampling method for collecting data as the data set is small (Flick, 2015). The reliability and the validity of the study will have to be kept high and therefore, the results will be cross checked using other mate rial sources. It is essential to maintain the ethical aspect of the study in this context by using only relevant articles (Ikpeze, 2015). The data that will be used should not be manipulated to form desired findings and conclusions. Data collection and analysis In this study, secondary data will be collected from different peer review journals, articles and websites. The study will use mono method and thematic analysis is the basis of developing relevant findings (Humphries, 2017). In thematic analysis, the study will analyze similar cases to identify exact reasons for the cause of decrease in profit margin. Moreover, the patterns within the data collected will also be analyzed to develop relevant findings in the study (Palinkas et al., 2015). The study will also include quantitative data collected from the annual report of Coles. The data collected from the annual report of Coles will provide a different dimension to the study. References Chung, F. (2017).Coles continued to execute its customer-led strategy.NewsComAu. Retrieved 28 March 2018, from https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/coles-profit-falls-135-per-cent-to-16-billion/news-story/3ab5ec55c22f92f7829b86ed8e18e6ba Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Humphries, B. (2017).Re-thinking social research: anti-discriminatory approaches in research methodology. Taylor Francis. Ikpeze, C. H. (2015). Data Collection and Analysis. InTeaching across Cultures(pp. 29-37). SensePublishers, Rotterdam. Nakos, N. (2017).Coles market share in Australia has declined | Australian Food News.Ausfoodnews.com.au. Retrieved 28 March 2018, from https://www.ausfoodnews.com.au/2017/10/18/coles-market-share-in-australia-has-declined.html Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research.Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research,42(5), 533-544. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons.

The Secret in Their Eyes

History usually forces itself into the present in Juan Jose Campanella’s film â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes†. Set in 2009, the film is an attempted memorization of the violent 1970s Argentina, an era in which the country was fast sinking into military rulership. The director offers flashbacks into Argentina’s dark days, days when violence murder, rape and false general injustices ruled.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret in Their Eyes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through memory, the director presents a period in which it was impossible to be an innocent person in this country as the innocent were falsely accused, tortured and even murdered for crimes they never committed, all these for the whims of those in power. Even though the movie is set in 1970s it is barely about events that happened then. However, through memory Campanella is able to portray an almost exact image of what happened in 1970s Argentina. Memory is a tool through which Campanella attempts to reveal the dark days in Argentina’s political past. The movie is set in the 1970s Argentina a period in which the country was fast sliding into military rule, despite there having been a democratically elected president in Mr. Perà ³n[1]. Through memory, the film becomes a political narrative of the terrible violence, murder rape and other forms of injustices associated with military rule. â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes† is particularly important as it is among the fewest forms of art, including existing literature that peeks into the Argentina’s dark past. Within this movie the horrors and mysteries of the military rule are captured effectively in the unsolved murder of â€Å"the woman.† Campanella uses the murder of the woman in a symbolic way. First, the investigation of the murder goes from one obstacle to another, mostly through a jaundiced judicial system, that is ak in to military justice, where crime is committed and covered to protect those in power. Through Benjamin the investigator, Campanella employs the use of memory as the woman, who Benjamin encountered years back, is now part of his (Benjamin’s) imagination[2]. Through memory, the audience is able to peek into Benjamin’s past fantasies and the Argentina’s dark past. As such this film becomes a point of clarification about Argentina’s infamous past[3]. There are other events in the film that offers a glimpse into some of the characters past. One of the themes of this film is conceit, a sense of the vanity of personal pleasures and justifications especially seen in Benjamin’s intentions. Benjamin has a romantic relationship with Irene, a conceitous woman. However, this relationship is founded on many obscurities and soon dissipates and fades fast into the back of his memory.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help y ou! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This affair takes the audience into Benjamin memory and into his past to a time when he encountered the dead woman in her home, her naked body decoratively arranged. This lead Benjamin to fall in love with her image, an image he is not able to remove from his memory. As such Campanella uses Benjamin’s memory to take the audience back into 1970s Argentina’s. Memory this exhumes some basic truths about the past[4] The ending of the story is an attempt to make the film have a happy ending and offer literary relief. This is captured by the discovery that Mr Colotto, the husband of the murdered women had actually captured the woman murderer and kept him in his house for 25 years. This discovery depicts two things about Argentina’s in famous 1970s. One that military rule is founded on instant justice. Mr Colotto’s kidnapping of the murderer is seen as sense of instant justice. Secondly, it also mirrors t he lack of justice during this period of Argentina’s past[5] The fact that the Argentina’s government cold not investigates the murder effectively portrays an unjust military rule. But it is the act of keeping the murderer captive by Mr Colotto that Campanella’s use of memory comes to the fore. By keeping the murderer captive for such along time, Mr. Colotto is imprisoned in his past. This portrays Mr Colotto as unable to get over his wife’s murder and as such his wife, and her murder, still lives in his memory. To protect his prisoner, Mr Colotto has to literary camp in his house, not able to leave for long periods. This is also a depiction that he has been unable to get out of his past. Furthermore, Mr Colotto actions are not a portrayal of his sadistic tendencies but how the Argentine government failed to provide justice. Through Mr Colotto’s memory, Argentina’s dark past is revealed. Thus memory becomes a tool, through which the past is made relevant[6] The film uses instances of flashback to reveal what happened in Argentina in the 1970s. As such most of what â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes† depicts about that period in Argentina’s history is borrowed from memory. In this film, the influence of memory is captured through certain important events, characters as well as their imagination. Because these historical events are narrated from memory, they indicate passage of time and as such underline the social political transition that this country has undergone. Bibliography Cixous, Hà ©là ¨ne. Rootprints: Memory and Life Writing. New York: Routledge, 1997.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret in Their Eyes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More King, John. Magical reels: a history of cinema in Latin America. London: Verso, 2000. Losada, Matt; â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes: Historical Memory, Production Models, and the Foreign Fil m Oscar†, Cineaste, XXXVI, (1) 2010. Footnotes King, John. Magical reels: a history of cinema in Latin America. (London: Verso, 2000) 39 Matt Losada.â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes: Historical Memory, Production Models, and the Foreign Film Oscar,† Cineaste, Vol. XXXVI, No. 1, 2010 King, John. Magical reels: a history of cinema in Latin America. (London: Verso, 2000) 39 Hà ©là ¨ne Cixous, Rootprints: Memory and Life Writing. (New York: Routledge. 1997) 120 King, John. Magical reels: a history of cinema in Latin America. (London: Verso, 2000) 39 Hà ©là ¨ne Cixous, Rootprints: Memory and Life Writing. (New York: Routledge. 1997) 124 This essay on The Secret in Their Eyes was written and submitted by user Kathleen Watts to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tour Report Essay Example

Tour Report Essay Example Tour Report Essay Tour Report Essay This is the report of the most exciting tour we had in the first week of november from our school. The trip was to Shimla. It was a 4 days trip. Shimla is the capital of Northern most state of India, namely Himal Pradesh. On a cold night of november (5 november 2010, Sunday), I and my friends along with the teachers board the flight to Shimla, we all were a little excited, since for most of us it was our first trip through the air. On Saturday moring we reached the Shimla airport. The airport was crowded with the thick mass of touristers who had came to explore the magnificiant creation of god. As this was the biginning of winter, the climate was very cold here. Our English sir, Mr. Murali, instructed us to put on our sweaters. We came out of the Airpot, and moved towards a bus which was provided by the Shimla tourism. The bus started moving and we were first taken to Wildflower hall which is now a luxury hotel, where our food was arranged. The hotel was enough to tell the rich cultural heritage of Shimla. It was nearly noon when we were to visit the most exciting place of interest in Shimla,the Summer hill,It is said that Mahatma Gandhi lived in these quiet surroundings during his visits to Shimla. Himachal Pradesh University is also situated here. We enjoyed 2 days in these hills, in the morning we went to take bath in the nearby river, we were provided with traditional food of Shimal, Baadi and Bada. On the third day we left the Summer hills and went for shopping in the the well-developed malls of Shimla. I along with my friends bought many items of our interests, in which the Shimalian clothes were the most interesting. In the evening we went to a mini zoo in Kufri where rare breed of pheasants and wild animals are kept in natural habitat. Of which the most attracting was the state bird of himachal pradesh the ‘Monal’,it had a colour mixture of black, light green and orange. The other attraction of this zoo are Tibetan wolf, Brown Bear and Barking Deer. The next day, we had an exciting opportunity to visit the Indian Institute of Advanced Study, this magnificent English renaissance structure was the former Vicerega Lodge. Its lawns and woodland added attraction to the visitors. Here entry is by a ticket of minimum charge. A portion of the interior is also open to the public. This building is a symbol of ancient British architecture  in India. On the morning of 9 november 2010, we were to visit our final place of the trip,the ‘Shimla state’ museum. We found a collection of paintings, jewellery and textiles of the region there. We had a great time there. In the evening we boarded our return flait to Nedumbassery. We had a great time in Shimla, we all enjoyed the trip. We hope the school authorities will put forward interesting trips like this in the coming years also.

Icicle, Another Good Word Down the Tubes

Icicle, Another Good Word Down the Tubes Icicle, Another Good Word Down the Tubes Icicle, Another Good Word Down the Tubes By Maeve Maddox I became aware of what is happening to the lovely word icicle when I read a poem in which it was spelled ice sickle. There was nothing in the context to suggest that the poet intended a pun. A web search showed me that theres a comic book character called Ice Sickle. Numerous clever photographers have posted pictures of icicles shaped like sickles and tagged them ice sickle. Many of the thousands of hits on ice sickle certainly refer to the comic book character or are deliberate punnings. However, as is inevitable when pop culture gets hold of a pun, its not long before the original word falls into obscurity. Hi. I installed gutter toppers on my eaves this summer†¦.How should I hang my strands on ice sickle lights being that the toppers are now in the way? Thanks! Reverse Ice Sickle in my dogs water bowl. I took this picture [this] morning. †¦ It is shaped like a triangle at its base. Pictures and albums about Icesickles published in outdoors Black and white ice sickles on my front porch after all the snow started to melt and refreeze. (Note: The photo shows standard icicles.) For those who may not be familiar with the standard meanings, here are some definitions from the OED: sickle: a. An agricultural implement similar in form and use to a reaping-hook, but properly distinguished from this by having a serrated cutting-edge. Figuratively, something having the curved or crescent form of a sickle†¦ icicle: A pendent ice-formation resembling a rod tapering downward to a point, produced by the freezing of successive drops of water falling or trickling from the point of attachment, as from the eaves of a house or other overhanging point. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Slang Terms for MoneyList of Greek Words in the English LanguageEducational vs. Educative

How Does Nokia Continue to be Successful in The U.S. Market Essay

How Does Nokia Continue to be Successful in The U.S. Market - Essay Example The aim of this research presented in the essay is to analyze how Nokia continue to be successful in the United States Market. The onslaught of new cell phone brands from China and India is a strong factor prompting Nokia to be on its toes ready and eager to come up with more accessories and benefits for the Nokia cell phones. The public must now use a cell phone to get emails. One very popular cell phone is known as the Iphone which is being marketed by the this brand called Apple. Apple should be one of the hall of fame companies for coming up with the first computer. The old standard of sending messages is through the use of snail mail or the post office has declined because companies and individuals can communicate better and faster using the email and yahoo messenger or the new favorite of the crowed, Skyped chat. The researcher then presents some of the Nokia famous products and demonstrates the income statement of Nokia company, that shows that the company was very successful during the years 2005 to 2007. The researcher then concluds that Nokia continues to be successful in the United States market, mostly because the company continues to innovate by adding additional benefits of buying a cell phone. Conclusively, the researcher also mentiones that Nokia continues to be successful in the United States Market because of the strong advertising promotions that Nokia is willing to pay for. The returns of the advertising budget will include increased revenues, increased gross profit and increased net profits.

The validity of class conflict, feminism, diversity and inequality in Essay

The validity of class conflict, feminism, diversity and inequality in the context of organization theory - Essay Example Reform is more thoroughly implemented through legislative change and mandate at the state or national level. Organization theory charts a multi-disciplinary approach to the structure of business institutions, alternatively relating psychological studies, anthropology, sociology, and systems theory to methodology and research drawn from other social sciences in order to de-construct business organizations and understand them thoroughly. In a sense, organizational theory does reflect multiculturalism in its multi-disciplinary inquiry, but feminists and other civil rights activists have had a much stronger ability to effect business practices by targeting social legislation and the education system as places to implement political change. In many ways organization theory and the evolution of multicultural awareness within it in the 20th century as related to feminism, diversity movements, and civil rights must be seen in context with the Marxist movement, with which it competes in many ways historically.

Request for Sponsorship Essay Example for Free

Request for Sponsorship Essay Alcaraz Group Sales Manager-Area 1 Splash Direct Sales Division Splash Corporation Highest Fraternal Greetings! As a part of our fervent campaign in bringing forth excellence from every individual and celebrating the freedom of thought and self-expression of every people, we, the Kappa Sigma Kappa Delta Sigma Confraternity, a duly recognized confraternity in the University of the Philippines, will be holding our annual HIMIGSIKAN on 26th of February 2013, 7pm, at Meanwhile Bar, Balibago Angeles City. HIMIGSIKAN, our confraternity’s major event, is the much-awaited student-oriented musical affair not only for UP students but for the youth and all music lovers as well that highlights a coveted acoustic performance competition from different student organizations in our university. This year’s theme shall be Sarap at Pait ng Pagsasama, Ilalahad sa Awit ng Barkada In line with this, we are cordially asking for your assistance for the success of our event’s endeavor. Rest assured all solicitations will only be used to enhance and to further improve our plans for the event. We are looking forward to you for being a part in this fervent cause. We are hoping to hear from you soon. May God’s richest blessings be unto you! Sincerely Yours, Teddy Calilung Grand Lord Sigman Kenn Carlov Twano Sigman Master Scribe [pic] [pic] University of the Philippines Extension program in Pampanga Claro M. RectoHighway, CSEZ,Pampanga Co. reg. no. CN200618309 Co. TIN 006-532-105 www. kappasigmafraternity. net [emailprotected] com KAPPA SIGMA-KAPPA DELTA SIGMA CONFRATERNITY VDFGCOSFGCONFRATERNITYCONFRATERNITY Council of Masters and Lady Sigmans A. Y 2012-2013 Grand Lord Sigman: Teddy Calilung Deputy Grand Lady Sigman: Jessa Claire Pangilinan Sigman Master of Initiation: Michael John Aguas Sigman Lady of Rites: Ila Bernice Malenab Sigman Master Scribe: Kenn CarlovTwano Sigman Lady Master of Scroll: Monica Del Puerto Sigman Lady Master Bursars: Jhoane Capili Janne Kazel Punzalan Sigman Lady Master Herald: Analyn Pineda Prof. Penelope Nalo Faculty Adviser

Burr, Hamilton, & Jefferson: A study in character :: essays research papers

This is a controversial book that is well worth the read. The author comes at his subject from outside academe, albeit with impeccable credentials. Although he has authored nine books, has served as Director of the National Park Service and Director of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History, and was once a White House correspondent for NBC, his approach remains outside the mainstream of history or journalism. To begin, it is refreshingly place-oriented and rich with detail of physical surroundings and personal relationships involving the nation's founders. The work is less successful in terms of the context of time. Roger Kennedy's study is not presented in strict chronological narrative, because it is a study in "character." Its analytical framework, however, is too value-laden, sometimes obscuring the political and social context of early nineteenth-century America. Kennedy sets up his straw men to praise and destroy, which is an easy feat from the vantage point of twenty-first-century morality. The book is, nonetheless, intellectually honest (the author admits his biases upfront and in the appendix), provocative, and ultimately instructive. He blasts certain points of historical consensus and bias through the skillful use of both evidence and conjecture. He utilizes firsthand accounts of friends and associates, as well as rascals and enemies, to convey multidimensional impressions of Burr, Hamilton, Jefferson, Washington, and others. There are no flat images here. Kennedy uncovers motivations that drove these men to do great (and not-so-great) things, which is definitely not an easy feat, especially in a prosopographical study that links the lives of its main characters. When the smoke dears, Burr comes away looking quite a bit better than reputation would have it; Hamilton emerges from a mixed review about the same; but Jefferson now looks decidedly worse--not at all the guy you think of smiling on that brand-new, shiny nickel. Burr and Hamilton were local rivals in New York politics. They had a sometimes close, but complex, relationship. When Hamilton played dirty politics (yet again) to keep Burr from becoming New York's governor, Burr uncharacteristically lost his self-control, called Hamilton out for a duel, and shot him dead in 1804. It is quite possible that Hamilton actually committed suicide, using Burr as the instrument. Afterwards, Burr took to referring to "my friend Hamilton, whom I shot." At any rate, Burr was vilified nationally for his deed, and Hamilton was less-than-deservedly martyred. Burr and Jefferson, on the other hand, were national political rivals.

Shakespeare – Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 1 Analysis

Romeo and Juliet Coursework In Act 3 Scene 1 of Romeo & Juliet, Shakespeare raises the excitement and the tension throughout the scene by using dramatic tension between the characters, provocative and threatening dialogue, strong language effects, and sharp vital violence. The scene begins with Benvolio and Mercutio coming on to stage, with Benvolio suggesting they should go home in case they meet the Capulets and the violence ensues. â€Å"The day is hot, the Capels are abroad, And if we meet we shall not scape a brawl, for now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirring. This pathetic fallacy and strong image of mad blood creates an expectation in the audience of violent events to come. This expectation seems to be met fulfilled quickly as Tybalt enters with other members of the Capulet family and some servants and immediately a dramatic tension is established between the two factions. We are shown that Mercutio is in a difficult frame of mind. â€Å" ‘By my head here comes the Capulets’ ‘By my heel, I care not. ’ † Clearly Mercutio is in an aggressive mood. Tybalt addresses Mercutio and Benvolio. ‘Gentlemen, good den, a word with one of you’ † Up to this point, Tybalt is courteous – his quarrel is with Romeo, not with Benvolio or Mercutio. However Mercutio is extremely provocatice and he responds to Tybalt, asking a word with one of them with, â€Å"Make it a word and a blow. † The audience feels there is a fight in prospect. When Tybalt says that Mercutio consorts with Romeo, Mercutio sees an insult where there is none. â€Å"Consort? what, dost thou make us minstrels? an thou make minstrels of us, look to hear nothing but discords: here's my fiddlestick; here's that shall make you dance. Zounds, consort! † A gentleman cannot accept being compared to a lowly musician, but this is not what Tybalt meant and the audience feel expectation of fear and violence. Now Romeo enters, and now the focus of the tension shifts as a dramatic tension is established between Romeo and Tybalt. Tybalt says to Mercutio: â€Å"Well, peace be with you sir, here comes my man. † It is strange that Tybalt is prepared to swallow such provocation from Mercutio, just as Romeo will soon swallow his. Tybalt puts Romeo in a situation in which almost no gentleman could refuse to fight. â€Å"Thou art a villain. † he says but Romeo does not respond with aggression. Now a new element of intrigue and excitement comes with a kind of dramatic irony. The audience knows why Romeo does not want to fight Tybalt –they have just become relatives- but the other characters do not know. Romeo seems quite unmanly when instead of fighting Tybalt for his honour he swallows the insult, saying â€Å"I do protest I never injuried thee, But loved thee better than thou canst devise. Again the audience knows, can â€Å"devise†, the reason, but Mercutio sees it as cowardice. Now the excitement moves up a notch as Mercutio starts the violence and we are to have the sword fight the audience has been expecting. Mercutio condemns Romeo’s peaceful ways. â€Å"O calm, dishonourable, vile submission! Alla stoccata carries it away. (Draws) Tybalt, you rat-catcher, will you walk? â₠¬  The ‘vile submission’ shows what a humiliation Mercutio believes Romeo is accepting; the insult ‘rat catcher’ makes it almost certain Tybalt will have to fight. Now the sword play begins, and the audience not only have the excitement and great dramatic action of two fighters trying to kill each other but also the sight of Romeo trying to stop the fight for the reasons only he and the audience know. With a tragic irony it is Romeo’s efforts to separate the two men that give Tybalt the chance to stab Mercutio, a friend of Romeo’s on the Montague’s side. Now the audience has put in suspense wondering whether Mercutio is going to die or not. Romeo raises their hopes that he may live. (â€Å"Courage man, the hurt cannot be much. ); but Mercutio seems to know that he is a dead man. â€Å"A plague o' both your houses! They have made worms' meat of me: I have it, And soundly too: your houses! † The dramatic and terrifying image of worm’s meat makes Mercutio’s last words very powerful; and his cursing of the Capulets and the Montagues shows that he blames their useless feud for his death. The scene now takes another turn as Romeo puts aside all thought of peace, and becomes warlike. Benvolio tells him that Mercutio is dead, and Romeo decides on revenge in spite of his marriage to Juliet. This day's black fate on more days doth depend; This but begins the woe, others must end† The audience is put on more suspense with this foreboding of more strife and death. Tybalt returns, perhaps to continue his quarrel with Romeo but strangely this time, alone and Romeo resolves on violence. â€Å"Away to heaven, respective lenity, And fire-eyed fury be my conduct now! † With the passion of this language and the dramatic tension once again onstage between Romeo and Tybalt, the scene approaches its climax. Tybalt declares that he will send Romeo’s soul after Mercutio’s. â€Å"Thou, wretched boy, that didst consort him here, Shalt with him hence. † The audience understand that either Tybalt or Romeo must die. Now we have the second sword fight in this scene and this is the climax. As Romeo kills Tybalt he takes his revenge for Mercutio’s death, he gets rid of his main enemy in the Capulet camp, and he puts his relationship with the love of his life in grave danger – this is the peak of the excitement and tension. Now Shakespeare lets the audience relax a little as Benvolio explains what has happened and the Prince orders Romeo exile but not death. From foreboding at the very beginning of the scene to mortal insults and provocation, to sword fighting and death, to the audience’s realization that something terribly wrong has happened to Romeo and Juliet’s romance Shakespeare uses a wide range of dramatic and language devices to make the scene one of the exciting and enormous tension.

Prom Nights from Hell Chapter Seven

â€Å"He didn't even know you were there,† Sibby said. â€Å"He never even knew who hit him.† â€Å"That was the idea.† They were parked next to an abandoned Amtrak maintenance building on an old part of the train tracks that was completely hidden from the street. It was the place Miranda had started coming seven months earlier to work out all her new crazy energy and try things she couldn't practice anywhere else-Roller Derby was great for speed, balance, gymnastics, and shoving moves, but you weren't supposed to use advanced judo. Or weapons. She could make out marks from her last crossbow exercise on the side of the building, and the piece of railroad track she'd tied in a knot the day after Will rejected her was still lying on the ground. She'd never seen anyone else here, and she was sure she and Sibby would be pretty much invisible as long as they stayed parked. â€Å"Where did you learn to knock people out like that?† Sibby asked, sprawled out over the backseat. â€Å"Can you teach me?† â€Å"No.† â€Å"Why not? Just one move?† â€Å"Absolutely not.† â€Å"Why did you say you were sorry after you hit him?† Miranda swiveled to face her. â€Å"It's my turn to ask questions. Who wants to kill you and why?† â€Å"Gods, I don't know. It could be a ton of people. It's not like that, how you think it is.† â€Å"What's it like then?† â€Å"It's complicated. But if we can just hang out until four in the morning, there's a place I can go.† â€Å"That's six hours from now.† â€Å"That'll give me time for at least ten more kisses.† â€Å"Well, of course. What else would you do while someone is trying to kill you besides go out and tongue tango with as many strangers as possible?† â€Å"They weren't trying to kill me, they were trying to abduct me. It's totally different. Come on, I want to do something fun. Something with boys.† â€Å"Or we could not do that.† â€Å"Look, just because you are a founding member of Down with Fun Inc. doesn't mean that the rest of us want to sign up.† â€Å"I am not a founding member of Down with Fun Inc. I like fun. But-â€Å" â€Å"Funkiller.† † – somehow the idea of wandering around while ‘a ton of people' are trying to kidnap you, doesn't sound fun to me. It sounds like a good way to get into the Guinness Book of World Records under ‘Plan, comma, World's Most Stupid. Plus innocent bystanders could get caught in the middle when the ton of people find you.† â€Å"‘If, not ‘when. And they don't care about anyone but me.† Miranda rolled her eyes and turned back around. â€Å"That's why they're called innocent bystanders. Because they were standing by you and accidentally got hurt.† â€Å"Then you should definitely get away from me. Seriously, although there's nothing I'd rather do than sit parked in a homeless person's bathroom for six hours with only you for company, I think it would be safer for both of us if I take my chances elsewhere. Like at that ice cream place we passed on the way here. Did you see the lips on the guy behind the counter? They were mythic. Drop me there and I'll be all set.† â€Å"You're so not going anywhere.† â€Å"Really? Because that sound you hear? Is me reaching for the door handle.† â€Å"Really? Because that sound you hear? Is me engaging the child lock.† In the rearview mirror, Miranda saw Sibby's eyes blaze. â€Å"You're really mean,† Sibby said. â€Å"Something horrible must have happened to you to make you so mean.† â€Å"I'm not mean. I'm just trying to keep you safe.† â€Å"Are you sure it's me you're thinking about? Not some skeleton in your closet? Like the time you-â€Å" Miranda turned up the radio. â€Å"Turn that down! I was talking and I'm the customer.† â€Å"Not anymore.† Sibby yelled really loud, â€Å"What happened to your sister?† â€Å"I don't know what you are talking about,† Miranda yelled back. â€Å"That's a lie.† Miranda didn't say anything. â€Å"I asked you before if you had a sister and you got all teary,† Sibby shouted in her ear. â€Å"Why won't you tell me?† Miranda turned down the radio. â€Å"Can you give me three good reasons why I should?† â€Å"It might make you feel better. It would give us something to talk about while we sit here. And if you don't tell me, I'm going to start guessing.† Miranda leaned her head back, checked her watch, and turned to stare out the window. â€Å"Be my guest.† â€Å"You bugged her so much she left? You bored her so much she left? Or did you drive her away with the huge stick you keep up your butt?† â€Å"Stop being tender with my feelings. Go on, tell me what you really think.† From the backseat Sibby said, â€Å"That might have been too mean. Sorry.† Miranda didn't say anything. â€Å"You don't really have a stick in your butt. You couldn't drive then, right? Ha-ha?† Silence. â€Å"But I mean, you started it. With the child-lock thing. I'm not a child. I'm fourteen.† More silence. â€Å"I said I was sorry.† In the backseat Sibby slumped, sighed. â€Å"Fine. Be that way.† Silence. Until, for no reason she could explain, Miranda said, â€Å"They died.† Sibby sat up quick now, leaning toward the front seat. â€Å"Who? Your sisters?† â€Å"Everyone. My whole family.† â€Å"Was it because of something you did?† â€Å"Yes. And because of something I didn't do. I think.† â€Å"Um, Grandma Grim, that doesn't make any sense. How can not doing something-wait, you think?. Don't you know what happened?† â€Å"I can't really remember anything from that part of my life.† â€Å"You mean from that day?† â€Å"No. From that year. And the year after. Anything pretty much from when I was ten until when I turned twelve. And there are a few other holes, too.† â€Å"You mean that stuff is just too painful to remember?† â€Å"No, it's just†¦ gone. All I have are impressions.† And the dreams. Really really bad dreams. â€Å"Like what?† â€Å"Like that I wasn't where I should have been and something happened and I let everyone down†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She stopped, waved a hand in the air. â€Å"Wait, you actually think you could have stopped whatever happened to them? By yourself? When you were four years younger than me?† Miranda's throat felt like it was closing up. She'd never told anyone even that much of her real history before, never talked about it, not even with Kenzi. Ever. She swallowed hard. â€Å"I could have tried. I could have been there and tried.† â€Å"Oh my gods, now this is some kind of pity party. Yawn. Wake me when you're done.† Miranda gaped at her in the mirror. â€Å"I told you I didn't want to talk about it but you kept bugging me and now you turn into the mayor of TellItLikeItIsVille?† Swallowing again. â€Å"You little-â€Å" â€Å"You don't even know what happened! How can you feel so bad about it? Plus, I don't see how that can be your fault. You weren't even there and you were only ten. I think you should stop obsessing about some mystery thing that is ancient history and live in the mo.† â€Å"I'm sorry, did you just tell me to ‘live in the mo'?† â€Å"Yes. You know, ditch the past and try focusing on what's going on in the present. Like that the song on the radio right now? Sucks. And that there is a whole city of cute boys out there I am not kissing.† Miranda took a deep breath, but before she could say anything, Sibby went on. â€Å"I know, I know you say you're sorry to the people you knock out because you never got to say sorry to your family, and you have to keep me safe because you couldn't keep them safe. I get it now.† â€Å"That is not what's going on. I-â€Å" â€Å"Blah blah blah, insert denials here. Anyway, why does ‘safe' have to mean sitting in this car with you all night? Isn't there somewhere we could blend in? Instead of hiding? I'm good at blending. I'm like butter.† â€Å"Oh yeah, you're totally like butter. In fact, in your Madonna-called-and-she-wants-her-costume-from-the-‘Borderline'-video-back outfit, you're practically invisible.† â€Å"Good one, Funkiller. Come on, let's go somewhere.† Miranda turned all the way around in her seat and said, â€Å"Let me sound it out for you. Someone. Is. Trying. To. Kill. You.† â€Å"No. They. Are. Not. You keep saying that, but I've told you. They can't kill me. You should really work on this obsession you have with people getting killed. And I have to be honest with you, I'm getting bored. What do you have the radio set to, K-CRAP? There is no way we are staying in this car for six hours.† Miranda had to agree with her. Because if they did, it was now clear she'd kill Sibby herself. That's when she thought of the perfect place for them to go. â€Å"You want to blend in?† she asked. â€Å"Yes. With boys.† â€Å"Guys,† Miranda said. â€Å"What?† â€Å"Normal American girls from this century call them guys, not boys. If you want to blend in.† For a second, Sibby looked shocked. Then she gave a little smile. â€Å"Oh. Yes. Guys.† â€Å"‘Yeah, not ‘yes. Unless you're talking to a grown-up.† â€Å"Yeah.† â€Å"And it's ‘Oh my God' or ‘God, not ‘gods. â€Å" â€Å"Did I-?† â€Å"Yeah. And no one ever has or ever will say, ‘live in the mo. â€Å" â€Å"Just wait.† â€Å"No. Never. Oh, and no paying guys for kisses. You don't need to. They should feel lucky to kiss you.† Sibby frowned. â€Å"Why are you being so nice to me and helping me? You don't even like me.† â€Å"Because I know what it's like to be far from home, alone, trying to fit in. And to never be able to tell anyone the truth about who you are.† After they'd been driving in silence for a few minutes, Sibby said, â€Å"Have you ever killed someone with your bare hands?† Miranda looked at her in the rearview. â€Å"Not yet.† â€Å"Ha-ha.†

Medieval Food Preservation Methods

Medieval Food Preservation Methods For centuries before the medieval period, and for centuries afterward, human beings in all parts of the world used a variety of methods to preserve foods for later consumption. Europeans in the Middle Ages were no exception. A society that was largely agrarian would be keenly aware of the need to store up provisions against the ominous threats of famine, drought, and warfare. The possibility of disaster wasnt the only motive for preserving food. Dried, smoked, pickled, honeyed, and salted foods had their own particular flavors, and many recipes survive detailing how to prepare foods that have been stored with these methods. Preserved foods were also much easier for the sailor, soldier, merchant, or pilgrim to transport. For fruits and vegetables to be enjoyed out of season, they had to be preserved; and in some regions, a particular foodstuff could only be enjoyed in its preserved form, because it didnt grow (or wasnt raised) nearby. Virtually any kind of food could be preserved. How it was done depended on what type of food it was and whether a particular effect was desired. Here are some of the methods of food preservation used in medieval Europe. Drying Foods to Preserve Them Today we understand that moisture allows for the rapid microbiological growth of bacteria, which is present in all fresh foods and which causes them to decay. But it isnt necessary to understand the chemical process involved in order to observe that food that is wet and left in the open will quickly start to smell and attract bugs. So it should come as no surprise that one of the oldest methods of preserving foods known to man is that of drying it. Drying was used to preserve all sorts of foods. Grains like rye and wheat were dried in the sun or air before being stored in a dry place. Fruits were sun-dried in warmer climes and oven-dried in cooler regions. In Scandinavia, where temperatures were known to plunge below freezing in the winter, cod (known as stockfish) were left out to dry in the cold air, usually after they were gutted and their heads were removed. Meat could also be preserved through drying, usually after cutting it into thin strips and lightly salting it. In warmer regions, it was a simple matter to dry meat under the hot summer sun, but in cooler climates, air drying could be done at most times of the year, either outdoors or in shelters that kept away the elements and flies. Preserving Foods With Salt Salting was the most common way to preserve virtually any type of meat or fish, as it drew out the moisture and killed the bacteria. Vegetables might be preserved with dry salt, as well, though pickling was more common. Salt was also used in conjunction with other methods of preservation, such as drying and smoking. One method of salting meat involved pressing dry salt into pieces of meat, then layering the pieces in a container (like a keg) with dry salt completely surrounding each piece. If meat was preserved this way in cold weather, which slowed down the decomposition while the salt had time to take effect, it could last for years. Vegetables were also preserved by layering them in salt and placing them in a sealable container such as an earthenware crock. Another way to preserve food with salt was to soak it in a salt brine. While not as effective a long-term method of preservation as packing in dry salt, it served very well to keep food edible through a season or two. Salt brines were also part of the pickling process. Whatever method of salt preservation was used, the first thing a cook did when he got ready to prepare the salted food for consumption was soaking it in fresh water to remove as much of the salt as possible. Some cooks were more conscientious than others when it came to this step, which could take several trips to the well for fresh water. And it was next to impossible to remove all the salt, no matter how much soaking was done. Many recipes took this saltiness into account, and some were designed specifically to counteract or complement the salt flavor. Still, most of us would find preserved medieval food much saltier than anything were used to today. Smoking Meat and Fish Smoking was another fairly common way to preserve meat, especially fish and pork. Meat would be cut into relatively thin, lean strips, immersed briefly in a salt solution  and hung over a fire to absorb the smoke flavoring as it dried - slowly. Occasionally meat might be smoked without a salt solution, especially if the type of wood burned had a distinctive flavoring of its own. However, salt was still very helpful because it discouraged flies, inhibited the growth of bacteria, and hastened the removal of moisture. Pickling Foods Immersing fresh vegetables and other foods in a liquid solution of salt brine was a fairly common practice in medieval Europe. In fact, although the term pickle didnt come into use in English until the late Middle Ages, the practice of pickling goes back to ancient times. Not only would this method preserve fresh food for months so that it could be eaten out of season, but it could infuse it with strong, piquant flavors. The simplest pickling was done with water, salt and an herb or two, but a variety of spices and herbs as well as the use of vinegar, verjuice or (after the 12th century) lemon led to a range of pickling flavors. Pickling might require boiling the foods in the salt mixture, but it could also be done by simply leaving the food items in an open pot, tub or vat of salt brine with the desired flavorings for hours and sometimes days. Once the food had been thoroughly infused by the pickling solution, it was placed in a jar, crock, or another airtight container, sometimes with a fresh brine but often in the juice in which it had marinated. Confits Although the term confit has come to refer to virtually any food that has been immersed in a substance for preservation (and, today, can sometimes refer to a type of fruit preserve), in the Middle Ages confits were potted meat. Confits were most usually, but not solely, made from fowl or pork (fatty fowl like goose were particularly suitable). To make a confit, the meat was salted and cooked for a very long time in its own fat, then allowed to cool in its own fat. It was then sealed up in its own fat, of course and stored in a cool place, where it could last for months. Confits should not be confused with comfits, which were sugar-coated nuts and seeds eaten at the end of a banquet to freshen the breath and aid the digestion. Sweet Preserves Fruits were often dried, but a far more tasty method of preserving them past their season was to seal them up in honey. Occasionally, they might be boiled in a sugar mixture, but sugar was an expensive import, so only the cooks of the wealthiest families were likely to use it. Honey had been used as a preservative for thousands of years, and it wasnt limited to preserving fruit; meats were also stored in honey on occasion. Fermentation Most methods of preserving food involved stopping or slowing down the process of decay. Fermentation accelerated it. The most common product of fermentation was alcohol wine was fermented from grapes, mead from honey, beer from grain. Wine and mead could keep for months, but beer had to be drunk fairly quickly. Cider was fermented from apples, and the Anglo-Saxons made a drink called perry from fermented pears. Cheese is also a product of fermentation. Cows milk could be used, but the milk from sheep and goats was a more common source for cheese in the Middle Ages. Freezing and Cooling The weather of the greater part of Europe throughout much of the Middle Ages was rather temperate; in fact, there is often some discussion of the medieval warm period overlapping the end of the Early Middle Ages and the beginning of High Medieval Europe (the exact dates depend on who you consult). So freezing was not an obvious method of preserving foods. However, most areas of Europe did see snowy winters, and freezing was at times a viable option, especially in northern regions. In castles and large homes with cellars, an underground room could be used to keep foods packed in winter ice through the cooler spring months and into the summer. In the long, frigid Scandinavian winters, an underground room wasnt necessary. Supplying an ice-room with ice was a labor-intensive and sometimes travel-intensive business, so it was not particularly common; but it wasnt completely unknown, either. More common was the use of underground rooms to keep foods cool, the all-important last step of most of the above preservation methods.

The Four Ps of proposal writing - Emphasis

The Four Ps of proposal writing The Four Ps of proposal writing People who have the gift of being able to write a persuasive proposal tend to go a long way, regardless of whether theyre in sales or the Civil Service. Yet far from being a dark art, the skill of effective proposal writing is something you can teach yourself.  In fact, theres one formula that can bring you success time and time again. We call it the Four Ps. Position This is where you should start. Establish where the client or reader is at this moment. Your proposal might well be read by several different decision-makers – at different levels – in the organisation, but this will be the one thing that has everyone in consensus from the outset. In sales, don’t begin with a long-winded introduction to your company: you’ll make a much better impression by showing you’ve taken the time and interest to get to know your prospective client. Problem Despite the name, this could be a negative or a positive. There may be a problem to address, or the opportunity of a lifetime could be in sight. All it means is making it clear that a change must be made. Salespeople: again, the focus is on them, not you – their needs, not your product. Make it clear you understand those needs, using facts and figures as appropriate. Possibilities Here you can cover all the potential routes, including taking no action, with pros and cons for each. Don’t try to gloss over any possible downsides: it could look like they haven’t occurred to you. Rise above trashing competitors by name, though you can argue the flaws of their ideas – if you know them. If there’s only one option, you won’t need this section. Proposal This is your recommended route, with your reasons for it. Be succinct and specific. Make it very clear how your proposal relates to what the client or reader has asked for. They should be left with no doubts about why they should go with you, why they should do it now and what they need to do next. Ok, so we can’t completely guarantee you a win every time. But this is always the best p-p-p-place to start. For more help perfecting your proposal writing, why not arrange an  in-house bid, tender and sales-proposal writing course for your team, or book a spot on one of our bid-writing courses for individuals?

Statistic Project Statistics Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statistic - Statistics Project Example Significant difference in mode and median among of BMI among men and women suggests that the two data sets have different distributions. BMI of men is more concentrated along the mean of the data set, because of the closeness between mean, mode and median, as compares to the statistics for women’s BMI. Standard deviations and variances for the two data sets confirms suggested differences in distribution of the two data sets. Men’s BMI have a lower standard deviation and this means that the data are more concentrated around the mean than data for women’ BMI. This is further evident in the range that is lower for women’s data. Nature of the distribution that the values of mean, mode and median suggest, is also evident in the skewedness’ values. Even though the data sets are skewed towards one direction, the skewedness is greater in women. These statistics shows that despite the average similarity in BMI among men and women, frequency of men’s BMI increases with increase in BMI while that of women’s BMI decreases with increase in BMI. Based on the three analyses, it can be concluded that med have larger waists than women though this changes at old age and that people’s waist increased up to mid age and then declines slightly before increasing again. A majority f people have their cholesterol levels lower than 300 and trends in BMI differ between men and women but with equivalent

Discussion borad Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion borad - Essay Example It is also done to know if a certain independent variable creates negative or positive impact to the dependent variable. For example, does empowering women increase prejudice against men? The dependent variable, in this case, is the prejudice while empowering women is the independent variable. To get to a clear conclusion about the said question, the level of prejudice must be measured and be known through one of the components, pretesting and post-testing. The process will help to determine whether empowering women increases prejudice in men. To dispute or agree with the question that empowering women has increased prejudice in men, the subject has to be divided into two different parts mainly, experimental section where the stimulus is administered (empower the women) and the section that does not receive the stimulus. Both sections may not have increased prejudice, but if only a few people who do not see the essence of empowering the women agree with the said question, then it means that empowering women do not increase prejudice against men. It is not right to argue that empowering or giving power to women will hurt power of men (Mosedale p

Transactional Leadership Principle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Transactional Leadership Principle - Essay Example s and Emma Walton Hamilton, David Baldacci, Sandra Brown, Stephen Colbert, Chris Colfer, Michael Connelly, Jeffery Deaver, Nelson DeMille, Tina Fey, Malcolm Gladwell, Chelsea Handler, Harper Lee, John Maxwell, Brad Meltzer, Joyce Meyer, Stephenie Meyer, J.R. Moehringer, Joel Osteen, James Patterson, Randy Pausch, Jerry Pinkney, Keith Richards, JK Rowling, J.D. Salinger, David Sedaris, Lemony Snicket/Daniel Handler, Nicholas Sparks, Jon Stewart, Scott Turow, David Foster Wallace, Brent Weeks, and Tom Wolfe. D. Forrester Research Inc. contrasted that, on the one hand, physical book sales in the U.S. are expected to decline to $19.5 billion this year from $26 billion in 2010, while, on the other hand, e-book sales are anticipated to multiply eight times to $8.7 billion (Lee, Satariano, & Hymowitz, 2014). B. Hachette negotiates tangible, extrinsic exchanges by resisting the increase in power of Amazon in controlling e-book prices because it wants to ensure that it is the one profiting more and the one in power over strategic pricing. Gillette, F. (2014, June 6). Layoffs make Hachette easier prey for Amazon. Businessweek.com. BloombergBusinesweek. Retrieved from http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-06-06/layoffs-make-hachette-easier-prey-for-amazon Lee, E., Satariano, A., & Hymowitz, C. (2014, June 6). Amazon feud with publishers to escalate as contracts end. BloombergBusinesweek. Retrieved from

The Role of the Bank of England

The Role of the Bank of England The United Kingdom’s central bank is the Bank of England. It is also known as the â€Å"Old Lady† of Threadneedle Street. The Bank of England was established in 1694 amid a founding contract that stated its principle was to â€Å"promote the public good and benefit of our people†. (About the Bank, 2015) Today, The Bank of England’s purpose is the sign of that vision or agenda first articulated by its founders. Their mission as stated in their official website is â€Å"to promote the good of the people of the United Kingdom by maintaining monetary and financial stability.† The bank was originally founded as a privately-owned organization. After the Second World War, the Bank of England was nationalised, but kept hold of its broad though largely informal unrestricted or public service mission. (About the Bank, 2015) This focus somewhat changed during 1997, when Parliament voted to provide the Bank functioning independence with a comprehensible remit to practise price stability, which was the most important challenge the macroeconomic policy makers were facing for the last two decades. This financial crisis revealed the necessity for a new move towards to financial parameter in the United Kingdom. This change has resulted in a foremost expansion in the Bank’s duties and responsibilities, which came into action since April 2013. In some way, this represented a come back to the broader task that the Bank practiced in the past. However, though the Bank’s pledge to providing the public good is recognisable by its seventeenth century organizers but its responsibilities are currently defined by the Parliament. Financial Policy Committee: The Financial Services Act of 2012 founded an autonomous Financial Policy Committee (FPC) as a subsidiary of the Bank which will work as a new prudential regulator. This created new duties for the management of fiscal market infrastructure providers. This particular committee is responsible for taking steps to reduce or remove general risks with an analysis to protect and enhance the flexibility of the country’s financial system. The FPC also has a secondary purpose to maintain the economic course of action of the Government. Prudential Regulation Authority: The Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) has the responsibility to supervise the banks, credit unions and building societies, insurers and key investment firms. This regulation authority controls almost 1,700 financial firms. Its role can be defined in two legal objectives. They are- (1) To promote the safety and security of the firms, (2) to ensure the insurers contribute in securing the proper degree of security to the policyholders. While promoting the safety of the firms, the Prudential Regulation Authority focuses mainly on the problem that the firms can create to the steadiness of the country’s financial system. A steady financial system means it is one in which firms can keep on providing significant monetary services to the economy which is a prerequisite for a strong and successful economy. (About the Bank, 2015) Monetary Policy Committee: Having monetary stability means constant prices and confidence in the money or currency. Stable prices can be defined by the Governments inflation objective which is what the Bank aims to meet by the assessments done by the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC). In the United Kingdom the monetary policy generally operates through the interest rate meaning the price at which money is lent. Since March 2009, this committee also started to input money directly into the economy in addition with setting Bank Rate. It injects money by buying financial assets which are often known as â€Å"quantitative easing†. Quantitative easing (QE) is an unusual type of monetary policy where a Central Bank makes new money by electronic means to purchase monetary assets, like government bonds. The aim of this process is to directly enhance the spending of the private sector in the economy and return the inflation to the intended target. (Monetary Policy, 2015) In August 2013, the Monetary Policy Committee gave some clear guidance regarding the future performance of monetary policy. The committee plans to at least maintain highly stimulative monetary policy until economic laggings have been reduced substantially given this will not put any material risks to price constancy or financial stability. (Monetary Policy, 2015) Foreign Exchange Joint Standing Committee: The London Foreign Exchange Joint Standing Committee (FX JSC) was founded in 1973 under the support of the Bank of England. It was established mainly as a medium for banks and brokers to talk about broad market topics. The aim of the Committees regular work is concerned with issues of frequent concern to the diverse members in the foreign exchange market. The Chairman and Secretary of this committee is provided by The Bank of England and its senior staffs are from many of the key banks functioning in the foreign exchange market in London, as well as from voice- and electronic-brokers, corporate users of the foreign exchange market, as well as delegates from the British Bankers Association, the Wholesale Market Brokers Association, and the Association of Corporate Treasurers. One of the main duties of the Committee is to keep up the Non-Investment Products Code. This code is a type of voluntary code of good market functionality that covers wholesale deposits as well as the Foreign Exchange market. Bank’s function in the foreign exchange market: The Bank functions in the foreign exchange market mainly for two reasons: Managing the UKs foreign currency and gold reserves on behalf of the government’s economic and finance ministry (HM Treasury). Organizing the Monetary Policy Committees (MPC) comparatively smaller band of foreign currency reserves. In addition to these main objectives, the Bank of England also controls general foreign currency transactions for the many departments of the government and also a small quantity of its customers. In the past year, quite a few members of a subgroup of the London Foreign Exchange Joint Standing Committee which is known as the Chief Dealers Subgroup, have either been suspended by their employers or dismissed because of having association with the global inquiry into probable manipulation of the currency market. (Albanese, 2014) The $5à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ °trillion-a-day worldwide foreign exchange market is used by governments and multinational companies to buy and sell notes, as well as hedge against the danger of currency instability. The Bank of England plays an important role as both the participant and regulator of the market as it maintains the UK government’s currency transactions. In the market they use a benchmark which is known as the 4pm â€Å"fix†. If this benchmark is by any way manipulated by traders then it can cost UK firms millions of pounds and affect everything operating in the market from business accounts to the worth of investments. (Quinn John, 2 014) The London 4pm fix which is now a joint venture was initiated in 1994. It notes down the exchange rate among foreign currencies at the 4pm closing value and then these rates are then used for transaction in the foreign exchange deals all over the world. This benchmark aster its initiation was rapidly followed by many clients looking for a universal reference point. However, the currency traders who have the knowledge of currency rates and their client orders can have a major advantage. According to Chris Towner, a foreign exchange dealer, â€Å"Currency dealers will start buying before the client and then complete the client’s order at the higher 4pm rate.† (Quinn John, 2014) Thus, the central bank plays a vital role in keeping the foreign market in balance. If the price rates of currencies are shared beforehand then market imbalance is certain. Recently the bank is going through speculation on its benchmark policy as one trader who was suspended by his employer has provided the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom a handwritten note from a private meeting which was help on April, 2012 at the bank. The note proves that the central-bank officers were given the instruction that the practice of sharing and collecting client orders was common. (Albanese, 2014) The recent allegations over the manipulation of currency markets in UK came into focus after the Libor scandal. The Libor (London Interbank Offered Rate) is an average interest rate which is calculated by submissions of interest rates by key banks in London. Libor scandal pointed out the possible manipulation of other financial markets such as gold and silver because they were mostly loosely monitored before the financial crisis. Mark Carney, the governor of the Bank of England has been facing hearings on the court regarding probably manipulation in the foreign exchange market. The manipulation of foreign exchange markets is estimated to become a criminal offence. (Treanor, 2014) The central bank plays an important role in terms of maintaining the inflation and exchange rate of a country. Since, they have the responsibility to monitor the entire market and control the private banks; any manipulation by the central bank can cause serious damages in the national financial market as well as the foreign market. The recent financial crisis has put the Central Bank of England come under serious scrutiny.

Subversion And Perversion In Two Gentlemen Of Verona and The Jew Of Mal

Subversion and perversion are both prominently conveyed in both Two Gentlemen of Verona and The Jew of Malta through numerous mediums. Subversion entails the opposition to societal standards and authority whereas perversion occurs when morality and religious views are contradicted. The use of religiously symbolic objects, mockery, sexual innuendo, hypocrisy and irony are the focal matters used to express perversion and subversion in this essay. Often when a reader or the audience is shocked by themes and incidents occurring in plays, it is due to a feeling evoked when one is confronted with overt opposition to religion, morality, politics and society. Two Gentlemen of Verona make use of the mockery of upper-class pretentiousness, crude and inappropriate sexual innuendo to subvert and perverse the topic of marriage. Launce continually speaks disrespectfully of his master, subverting the social class order of classical Europe by which servants must speak of their superiors with deference and hold them in highest regard. This subverts the social hierarchy by the utilisation of mockery that belittles his master’s class. My interpretations lead me to believe that the staff in this scene, may well be in fact a metaphorical staff. That is, the staff is code for Launce’s phallus. This is a subversion in that it is socially unacceptable to speak in such a manner, therefore it contradicts societies’ etiquette, and it also is a perversion because it is morally incorrect and sacrilege to use a typically religiously significant tool as a phallic symbol. When Launce declares: â€Å"My staff understands me†, he compa res his masculinity in sexual terms to intelligence. He tells Speed that his sexual drive and desire understands what he is saying, ev... ...The crucial element drawing these plays together is the mutual use of a symbolically significant object. That is, the staff. The staff is disgraced in the manner in which role it had been given in the plays. Although it is ambiguous, the staff appears to be a metaphorical phallic symbol in the Two Gentlemen of Verona used to convey to crudity of Launce’s views on marriage. Conversely, in The Jew of Malta, it is used in a most blasphemous sense – for the purpose of mocking the Christian faith. The faith is ridiculed when the staff is used satirically to ‘support’ the dead Friar and when Jacomo uses it with the intention to murder. This is explicitly ironic. Thus this essay has shown how irony, hypocrisy, mockery and sexual innuendo all serve the same purpose in these plays – to challenge the society by the subverting and perverting moral, religious and political codes.

English Literature Romantic Period

Breeana Whitehead The Art in Romanticism The works of William Woodsworth and William Blake are some of many great examples of Romantic literature. Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that began in Europe in the early 1800’s. It was a reaction to the Industrial Revolution as illustrated in William Woodsworth’s â€Å"Michael. † This poem mourns the changes made by the Industrial Revolution. In Romantic texts, everything written is out of the ordinary and very fictional. The characters in a romantic piece of literature are created from nothing and the plot is often in imaginary places.All pieces of art and intellect were nothing but fantasy put to paper in one form or another. There is nothing realistic about Romantic literature. This is the Romantic Period. Every piece of art, whether it is music or paintings or drawings or literature, was created to make their readers think about their own emotions within the art. William Blake displays the Roman ticism in his poem â€Å"Garden of Love† by showing discussing an aspect of spirituality. He shows how with religion there is a disconnect of freedom. The poem speaks of a chapel that was built where the speaker, whether Blake or an unknown character, used to play.The speaker notices a sign saying â€Å"Thou Shall Not† on the door of the chapel and so he turned to the garden of love. The speaker soon notices that there are tombstones where flowers should be, and priests were walking around in black binding the character’s joys and desires. This shows the captivity that Blake believed came to a person when that person claimed religion. This shows a free thought that well expresses the idea of Romanticism. This shows the intellectual freedom that the Romantic Period brought forth. William Woodsworth showed Romanticism in his many works, such as his poem, â€Å"Michael. Woodsworth romanticizes or dreams up the characters of Michael and Luke. Michael is a shepherd that lives in the forest side of Grasmere Vale, and Luke was his son. Michael’s family happily lives off in this beautiful countryside when a financial burden falls upon them because of a contract that Michael had signed. Instead of selling his land, Michael sends Luke off to work to pay off this debt. While gone Luke prospers well for himself at first but them falls into a criminal line and has to flee. Michael mourns the loss of his son and soon thereafter Michael and Isabel, Michael’s wife, both die.This poem is a good example of the changes from the Industrial Revolution that spurred the Romantic Movement but it is also a great example of the fictional aspect of Romanticism. Another brilliant example of Romantic literature is the poem, â€Å"Hymn to Intellectual Beauty† by Percy Shelley. In this poem Shelley turns inward to this idea of intellectual beauty. This beauty is an intangible, spiritual idea that is different for everyone. This intellectual beauty becomes the freedom from the doom and gloom that Shelley describes the world to be.The spiritual aspect and emotional pull of this poem makes it a perfect illustration of a Romantic poem. The literature and other arts from the Romantic period were created to create emotion within a person and to make them think about their emotions. This poem does a great job at forcing its reader to look inward to determine his or her own intellectual beauty, whether it be love or hope or self-esteem. A final example of a Romantic poem is Lord Byron’s â€Å"When We Two Parted. † This poem definitely pulls at a readers heartstrings. The poem talks about two people who were lovers but something happened to break them apart.It seems that one of the two in the relationship had had an affair or somehow broke their vows and forced a separation between the two lovers. Byron’s poem brings out the emotions of the audience. The Romantic Age was basically an era of an outpouring of feelin gs. All of the works of this time period were based on an effort to make their audience feel something. The works were of religious and intellectual standards that caused the reader or the observer to stop his or her own life for a second and contemplate a deeper meaning to the work and to life.Artists and authors such as William Blake in his poem â€Å"Garden of Love,† William Woodsworth in his poem â€Å"Michael,† Percy Shelley in his â€Å"Hymn to Intellectual Beauty,† and Lord Byron in his emotional poem, â€Å"When We Two Parted,† developed pieces of art that brought this emotional appeal to the table. These pieces of literature represent and explain Romanticism and the Romantic Era perfectly with everything from the fantasy and fictional characters and plots and settings in the pieces such as â€Å"Michael,† to the emotional aspects as shown in â€Å"Hymn to Intellectual Beauty† and in â€Å"When We Two Parted. †

Developing a Sports Export Company

01. Is Sports Exports Company a multinational corporation? Answer:  Multinational corporations (MNCs) are defined as firms that engage in some form of international business. As the Sports Export Company sells it products to foreign countries & face to global environment. So, the Sports Exports Company is a multinational corporation. 02. Why are the agency costs lower for Sports Exports Company than for most MNCs? Answer:  Ã‚  The costs of ensuring that managers maximize shareholder wealth (referred to as agency cost) are normally higher for MNCs than the agency cost of Sports Export Company.Agency costs are lower for Sports Export Company simply because the owner and manager are the same. The owner does not have managers who are based in other countries or even in the same country at very early stage. 03. Does Sports Exports Company  have  any comparative advantage over potential competitors in foreign countries that could produce and sell footballs there? Answer:  Obvious ly,  the Sports Exports Company has a comparative advantage over potential competitors to other foreign countries.By applying an idea of producing low cost football and at the same time selling those items on a wholesale basis was become very successful in the  U. S. Market. As the Sports Exports Company are producing the item for a long time, the company will certainly enjoy some benefits like the advantages of being a first mover and at the same time will be able to build a rapport  with customers. The Sports Exports Company will be the first firm to benefit from the popularity. The potential competitors initially will not get the advantages of becoming a first mover and enough market shares.Also, the Sports Exports Company has a comparative advantage over the  U. S. firms that produce the top-of-the-line footballs in the  U. S. market and it also sells the footballs at a low price. 04. How would Jim Logan decide in which foreign markets he would attempt to enter? Should he initially attempt to focus on one or many foreign markets? Answer:  Ã‚  Jim Logan had previous experience about sporting goods shop and knew how to produce football. In addition to avoid any rent and labor expenses, Jim decided to produce the footballs in his own garage and to perform the work himself.For these advantages, it facilitated him to make decision where he would attempt to enter. At first, he decided to create a firm that would produce low priced footballs and sell them on a wholesale basis to various sporting good stores in the united State and then gradually in foreign countries. To do so, Jim had to consider various factors such as the potential demand for footballs in each country and the potential degree of competition in that country. He initially may focus on one specific country when establishing his international business and gradually may expand his international business across several different countries.To focus more than one foreign country, wide distr ibution channel, capital machineries and even more manpower is needed. But as a single entrepreneur, it might not become possible for Jim to arrange all of the things at a time rather   it is better that he could find a distributor of sporting goods that would sell the footballs to retail stores in various countries. 05. The Sports Exports Company has no immediate plans to conduct direct foreign investment. However, it might consider other less costly methods to establish its business in foreign markets.What methods might the Sports Exports Company use to increase its presence in foreign markets by working with one or more foreign companies? Answer:  Ã‚  The Sports Exports Company may consider any one of the collaborative arrangement like licensing, franchising or joint venture arrangement with other firms or industry. To make direct foreign investment, huge financial support and new arrangement are needed. Considering of all the factors rather  the Sports Exports Company may consider the above collaborative arrangement to reduce cost and maximize profit.

Cultural Dilemma in the US Postal Service Essays

Cultural Dilemma in the US Postal Service Essays Cultural Dilemma in the US Postal Service Essay Cultural Dilemma in the US Postal Service Essay Essay Topic: In the Us There are legion cultural differences in our societies as a consequence of the legion diverse civilizations that people belong to. Each civilization has its ain ways of making things with different cultural norms. values. perceptual experiences. every bit good as behaviours. Peoples from certain civilizations will pattern the values. norms and perceptual experiences that their civilizations belief in and hence will stop up holding troubles when interacting with people from different civilizations who will hold differing cultural norms. values and perceptual experiences. These cultural differences are manifested in the workplace as different people from different civilizations come together to work together for the common end of the establishment or organisation they work for. Since our cultural values and norms act upon our single apprehensions and perceptual experiences. people will respond otherwise towards events and fortunes that could happen within us and in the environment. These differences in perceptual experiences will impact how employees within an organisation will interact with each other and work in harmoniousness so as to fulfill the demands of the organization’s stakeholders. As such. cultural differences are a major concern for directors within organisations as they could assist the organisation accomplish its aims or impede it from accomplishing them. The aims of an organisation are set in topographic point by its stakeholders who have invested in the organisation in one manner or the other and expect to derive from such an investing in future. It is hence the duty of directors to happen a manner in which the employees within an organisation can work together in a seamless mode despite their differences in civilization so as to guarantee the organisation operates continually for the common good of all stakeholders. The United States Postal Service The Postal Service is an bureau authorized by the fundamental law of the United States and is responsible for the proviso of postal services to the whole of the United States. Established in 1775 in Philadelphia by Benjamin Franklin through the passage of a edict passed by the 2nd Continental Congress. it experienced minimum growing and was subsequently transformed in to its current signifier as an independent organisation through the sign language of the postal reorganisation act of 1970 by President Nixon. As an independent organisation. the postal service is self sufficient and does non trust on taxpayer’s money for its operations. The Postal Service’s mission is to offer the American people with sure wide-reaching postal services that are at low-cost monetary values. As such. the Postal Service is the lone bringing service within the United States with the duty of supplying all of the assorted characteristics of a cosmopolitan postal service at moderately priced rates. The Postal Service conveys about 660 million mails to about 142 million bringing topographic point around the United States. Although the postal service enjoys a monopoly as contained in Article I. ( 8 ) . ( 7 ) of the Constitution that grants the Postal Service with the particular right to do bringing of letters in add-on to the power to curtail the entree to mailbox that are entirely meant for mail. Its major rivals are United Parcel Service and FedEx. The postal service manages 32. 741 station offices within the United States with a labour force of approximately 656. 000 employees. Cultural differences of direction and how they affect the US Postal Service The United States is a state that is full of cultural diverseness with different cultural patterns based on the legion cultural groups that live in the United States. The employees working in the postal service are drawn from these different cultural groups. As such. directors at the postal service have to cover with these differences efficaciously so as to guarantee continues success of the organisation. In making so. directors need to be cognizant of and understand the seven dimensions of civilization developed by Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner detailed in their book Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diverseness in Global Business. Below is a treatment of these seven dimensions. Universalism v/s Particularism This dimension is based on the position of how a civilization perceives regulations and relationships. Cultures that embrace universalism hold the belief that general regulations. values. codifications. norms and criterions take penchant over other peculiar demands. claims of friendly relationship and other dealingss. In a society that is universalistic. the regulations normally apply every bit to all of the members of the existence ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . Exceptions to these regulations are deemed as to weaken them. Universalism is based on happening regulations that take a wide and general image. In the event that there lacks a regulation that fits for carry throughing something. universalism advocates for taking the option of set uping the most appropriate regulation. Cultures that embracing Particularism perceive the ideal civilization as 1 that is based on human friendly relationship. and intimate relationships. Peoples in these civilizations view the spirit of the jurisprudence as being more important than the missive of the jurisprudence. This has the consequence that when the regulations within a civilization take a perfect tantrum. people in such a civilization will judge the instance based on the advantages of the jurisprudence alternatively of trying to coerce the regulation to suit. Rules and ordinances within particularistic civilizations simply codify how people are supposed to associate to one another. Individualism v/s Communitarianism This dimension is based on the position of how members of a civilization maps. whether in groups or as persons. Individuality has a footing on rights that appertain to an person. This is normally experienced in communities that have loose ties linking their members ensuing in an outlook of persons to look after themselves. Individualism is aimed at giving persons the right to personal infinite every bit good as the freedom of making things as per single liking ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . It permits each person to develop or neglect on an single footing. every bit good as comprehending group-focus as striping the individual of their absolute rights. Individualist civilizations are more narcissistic and give accent to their personal ends. Peoples ensuing from individualistic civilizations have a leaning of believing merely on personal footing. Communitarianism or Bolshevism is based on rights that appertain to a group. Corporate civilizations normally place a batch of emphasize on groups and are more concerned with the whole instead than on the individual person. Harmony every bit good as trueness within a group are really imperative and ought to be maintained ever ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . Confrontations of any sort are extremely avoided with people utilizing looks and phrases that would depict an statement in less negative mode. Stating no to others is considered to be incorrect and deemed as a manner of destructing the harmoniousness found within these groups. Impersonal v/s Emotional Emotional or impersonal positions are used in the description of how civilizations articulate their emotions. Emotional civilizations articulate their emotions in a natural manner ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . This is witnessed in reactions that occur immediately through verbal and/or non-verbal agencies such as mimic every bit good as organic structure signals. Members of the emotional civilization unlike those in the impersonal civilization show a inclination of overreaction making scenes. Emotional civilizations are normally focused on the person and seldom on the object or place of treatment. It is considered to be alright for one to utilize emotional intelligence when doing determinations. It is besides all right for people to demo assorted signifiers of physical contact while in public and during the communicating procedure. The impersonal civilization tends to avoid exposing emotions publicly. This is based on the fact that impersonal civilizations do non uncover what they are believing in a manner that is more precise every bit good as direct ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . This is an facet that has the likeliness of taking to misinterpretations. This is because emotions of a certain sort may non needfully show a certain state of affairs. Impersonal civilizations normally appear to be instead reserved. an facet that can non be viewed as an indicant of their disinterest or ennui. This visual aspect of reserve is based on deficiency of emotional tone. On a general position they harbor feelings of uncomfortableness over contact in public resulting in a manner of communicating that is more elusive therefore doing it difficult for members of another civilization to understand. Specific vs. diffuse Specific civilizations are those that normally have a little country reserved for privateness and its separated from the public life. Peoples in these societies have many interactions with the outside universe and are invariably involved in such activities such as socialising in assorted countries that involve many people. Peoples from these civilizations have a instead little sum of privateness preferring to portion at that place involvements with others who are within their groups of socialisation ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . Peoples from such a civilization trade with particulars and will see the whole as a amount of these specific parts. The life of an person is divided into several specific parts and one trades with one portion at a clip. Conversely. diffuse civilizations are normally concerned with keeping people’s privateness. Peoples in these civilizations will avoid any sort of confrontations in the populace and have a high grade of privateness preferring to portion merely a little sum of their private life with other people particularly aliens ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . Peoples from diffuse civilizations normally start with the whole before traveling down to the assorted parts that make it up. Each of the parts is viewed in the point of view of the whole sum with all of these parts being related to one another. These people prefer properties and behaviours that help construct trust and honestness furthering the edifice of strong relationships. Achievement vs. attribution This dimension is concerned with the position accorded to persons within civilizations. In civilizations that are achievement oriented. the position of an person is based on the achievements that one has achieved and accomplished. Persons from these civilizations gain their position from the assorted things that they have accomplished on their ain ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . A individual with such a position has to demo prove of what he or she is deserving with the assorted powerful places within the civilization being accorded to people who have certain achievements. In civilizations that are attribution oriented. the position of an person is based on the groups that one is associated with. In ascriptive societies. persons gain their position chiefly through birth. gender. wealth. or age ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . A individual who has an ascribed position does non needfully hold to carry through something so as to continue his position since his or her position is accorded based on his or her being. Sequential vs. synchronic This dimension is concerned with the attitude of a civilization towards clip. Peoples who are from consecutive civilizations tend to transport out one thing at a clip in a consecutive mode. They examine clip as distinguishable. and made up of back-to-back divisions which are both touchable and divisible ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . Peoples from these civilizations strongly prefer to be after for their clip and will maintain to these programs one time they made them so as to help in execution. Any clip committednesss that one might hold are normally taken earnestly and remaining on agenda is considered an of import facet of clip direction. Consecutive people in peculiar topographic point a batch of importance on the value of finishing of undertakings. Conversely. people from civilizations that are synchronous normally perform several undertakings at a clip. These civilizations view clip is a changeless flow that allows many things and undertakings to be carried out at the same time ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . Time is perceived as a force that one can non be able to incorporate or command. Time is besides regarded every bit flexible every bit good as intangible. Time committednesss are frequently desirable but non absolute with programs that people could be holding being easy changed. Internal vs. external control This dimension is concerned with the attitude of a civilization towards the environment. In internal civilizations. people normally posses a mechanistic mentality of nature. They perceive nature as an intricate machine and which can be directed if one has the right expertness needed to make so. Peoples from these societies do non believe in the being of fortune or any signifier of predestination ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . These people are directed towards the interior as one’s personal determination is normally deemed to be the starting place for each action that they will make. They besides believe that one can populate the sort of life that he or she wants to populate if that are in a place to take advantage of the legion chances that might come on the manner. In add-on. they believe that adult male is capable of ruling nature if he wishes to make so. . In external civilizations. people normally posses an organic mentality of nature. They perceive that world is one of the forces of nature and should therefore operate in one agreement and harmoniously with the remainder of the environment. These civilizations hold the believe that adult male should repress to nature every bit good as get along with the other forces bing within the environment ( Trompenaars A ; Hampden-Turner. 1998 ) . These people do non believe in their ability of determining their ain fate but instead speculate that nature moves in instead cryptic ways therefore one can non neer cognize what is traveling to go on in the hereafter. As such. their actions are directed externally to the environment and are adapted to the external fortunes environing them. Decision Based on these seven dimensions. the American civilization is individualistic. accomplishment. emotional. internal. consecutive. universalistic. and specific. These dimensions have several deductions that directors need to see in order to do certain that the employees are able to work in a mode that benefits the organisation every bit good as themselves particularly in a big organisation such as the postal service that employs over 600. 000 employees. In add-on. due to the cultural diverseness nowadays in the United States and the growing of globalisation. there are legion citizens from different civilizations in the United States that do non follow these seven dimensions of the American civilization and hence follow different facets of the seven dimensions. With the postal service being a national bureau that offers employment to all citizens irrespective of their cultural backgrounds. directors need to guarantee that the employees are able to work in a mode that benefits the organisation. This will necessitate the directors to construct cultural understanding through: Building consciousness of cultural differences. Educating the employees on the assorted strengths and restrictions of different civilizations within the workplace Educating the employees on the Building skills the impact of cultural differences within the workplace Educating the employees on assorted adaptative behaviours that could assist them to recognize valuable consequences within a puting with cultural differences. Building integrity and consistence through squad working Developing a shared apprehension and vision between the employees Establishing effectual communicating channels amongst the employees to ease choice exchange of thoughts between themselves Establishing feedback mechanisms aimed at reexamining and bettering the employee’s consciousness of cultural differences. In add-on. the directors need to come up with schemes that will enable the postal service to vie efficaciously. This will necessitate them to actively develop: A shared apprehension of the organization’s ends and aims An recognition of the significance of diverseness in lending towards expertness. A clear and shared comprehension of the function of professional pooling of accomplishments and cognition within the organisation. Reference Trompenaars. F. . A ; Hampden-Turner. C. ( 1998 ) . Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Cultural Diversity in Global Business. New York: McGraw Hill.